A New Methodology for Singularity Modelling in Flow Simulations in Reservoir Engineering     

Y. Ding  L. Jeannin 《Computational Geosciences》2001,5(2):93-119

In this paper, numerical methods for flow simulation in the well vicinity are discussed. Flux truncation errors are analyzed on gridblocks near the well. Due to the singularity of the well, standard numerical schemes are not efficient for near well flow simulations. To improve simulation accuracy, a new methodology, using a change of coordinates to make near well pressure linear, is presented for the singularity modelling. Based on this new approach, two numerical schemes, a two-point flux approximation scheme and a multi-point one, are proposed. These schemes are accurate for the near well modelling and are suitable for any kinds of gridblocks.  相似文献   

大别山超高压变质岩带氦同位素组成和某些微量元素分布     

伍宗华  古平等  刘华忠 《物探与化探》2001,25(4):259-265

报导了大别山超高压变质岩带不同岩岩类型及六安－蔡河地学剖面中氦同位素和某些微量元素的分配分布特征，并讨论了它们的影响因素及其地质意义。  相似文献   

Strain and competence contrast estimation from fold shape     

Stefan M. Schmalholz  Yuri Yu. Podladchikov 《Tectonophysics》2001,340(3-4):195-213

A new method to estimate strain and competence contrast from natural fold shapes is developed and verified by analogue and numerical experiments. Strain is estimated relative to the nucleation amplitude, A_N, which is the fold amplitude when the amplification velocities caused by kinematic layer thickening and dynamic folding are identical. A_N is defined as the initial amplitude corresponding to zero strain because folding at amplitudes smaller than A_N is dominantly by kinematic layer thickening. For amplitudes larger than A_N, estimates of strain and competence contrast are contoured in thickness-to-wavelength (H/λ) and amplitude-to-wavelength (A/λ) space. These quantities can be measured for any observed fold shape. Contour maps are constructed using existing linear theories of folding, a new nonlinear theory of folding and numerical simulations, all for single-layer folding. The method represents a significant improvement to the arc length method. The strain estimation method is applied to folds in viscous (Newtonian), power-law (non-Newtonian) and viscoelastic layers. Also, strain partitioning in fold trains is investigated. Strain partitioning refers to the difference in strain accommodated by individual folds in the fold train and by the whole fold train. Fold trains within layers exhibiting viscous and viscoelastic rheology show different characteristic strain partitioning patterns. Strain partitioning patterns of natural fold trains can be used to assess the rheological behaviour during fold initiation.  相似文献   

Estimation of surface latent heat fluxes from IRS-P4/MSMR satellite data     

Randhir Singh  B. Simon  P. C. Joshi 《Journal of Earth System Science》2001,110(3):231-238

The brightness temperatures of the Microwave sensor MSMR (Multichannel Scanning Microwave Radiometer) launched in May 1999 onboard Indian Oceansat-1 IRS-P4 are used to develop a direct retrieval method for latent heat flux by multivariate regression technique. The MSMR measures the microwave radiances at 8 channels at frequencies of 6.6, 10.7, 18 and 21 GHz at both vertical and horizontal polarizations. It is found that the surface LHF (Latent Heat Flux) is sensitive to all the channels. The coefficients were derived using the National Centre for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data of three months: July, September, November of 1999. The NCEP daily analyzed latent heat fluxes and brightness temperatures observed by MSMR were used to derive the coefficients. Validity of the derived coefficients was checked within situ observations over the Indian Ocean and with NCEP analyzed LHF for global points. The LHF derived directly from the MSMR brightness temperature (Tb) yielded an accuracy of 35 watt/m². LHF was also computed by applying bulk formula using the geophysical parameters extracted from MSMR. In this case the errors were higher apparently due to the errors involved in derivation of the geophysical parameters.  相似文献   

高密度电法在湘西北岩溶石山区找水中的应用   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

杨湘生 《湖南地质》2001,20(3):230-232,236

湘西北岩溶石山区地质构造复杂，岩溶发育且具分布不均匀性，找水难度大，为提高含水构造的异常分辨力，各种物探方法的优化组合中，以高密度电法在确定最佳井位方面发挥了重要作用，它采集的数据量大，对异常特征反映灵敏度高，在湘西北不同的岩溶水文系统中找水，取得了成功的范例。  相似文献   

Robust估计的算法优化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

苏思光  戴嘉芸 《测绘学报》1996,25(2):151-155

本文分析了Ｒｏｂｕｓｔ估计收敛慢的原因，提出以最小二乘平差的残差（Ｖ）为初始信息，用Ｌ１估计的权函数所计算的权力初始权，根据迭代计算的残差的大小，及残差的变化所提供的信息，构造出加速收敛的算法，计算结果表明，较之一般的方法，迭代次数显著减少，辨识杠杆点含粗差的能力有较大提高，即搜索粗差的效率有很大提高。  相似文献   

自适应Lp估计及其在SLR数据预处理中的应用     

吴杰  李正心  张忠萍 《测绘学院学报》1996,(1)

本文简要介绍了自适应Ｌｐ估计的有关理论和求解方法，并对ＳＬＲ数据的测量误差作了统计分析。发现ＳＬＲ数据的测量误差服从ｐ值不定的ｐ范分布。本文ＳＬＲ数据预处理实例表明自适应Ｌｐ估计能给出比ＬＳ估计更为稳健有效的拟合参数。当观测值粗差高达６６％时，自适应Ｌｐ估计仍能给出可靠的拟合参数，效果明显优于传统的ＬＳ估计。  相似文献   

我国可降水量同地面水汽压关系的经验表达式   总被引：35，自引：5，他引：35  

杨景梅  邱金桓 《大气科学》1996,20(5):620-626

本文根据1992～1993年全国20个台站地面及高空气象要素资料，拟合出各个站所在地区整层大气可降水量和有效水汽含量同地面水汽压之间的经验关系式。计算结果表明，可降水量和相应的地面水汽压之间，存在着良好的数值对应关系。仅利用地面水汽压计算出的整层大气可降水量和有效水汽含量，同实际情况符合得很好，平均相对误差普遍小于15％。因此，这些经验关系式具有良好的实际应用价值。  相似文献   

铜街子电站水库诱发地震的判定及最大可能诱发地震震级的估计     

龚宇  伍先国 《四川地震》1996,(3):48-56

对于水库围堰后猛然增加的地震活动，人们普遍关心两个问题，第一是这些地震的成因，第二是这些地震能对大坝安全性带来多大的影响。位于四川省乐山地区的铜街子电站在蓄水后地震活动骤然增高。本文通过对地震活动的分布范围、震源深度、震源机制解以及地震活动与库水水位变化之间的关系判定这些地震系铜街子电站蓄水后所诱发的地震。为了估计该水库所诱发地震的震级上限，本文通过定性预测方法和定量预测方法试图对诱震震级上限给出一个估计，但各手段所给出的结果却不完全一致，这说明目前的预测手段的不完善。在对各手段给出的结果进行综合分析之后，认为铜街子电站最大可能诱发地震震级上限在５．０级左右。当然，也可能以较小震级的震群型形式出现。  相似文献   

体应变观测中的气压干扰机制和排除方法的研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

张凌空  何世海  刘北顺 《地震》1996,(2)

建立体应变理论气压干扰模型,通过实际观测资料研究了气压对体应变月变和日变的干扰过程,探讨消除干扰的方法,且和水位资料作了对比分析。  相似文献